Verbs in Russian are one of the easiest theme in Russian grammar. :)
Exercises.
1. In the comments write the present tense of the verbs:
We need only to remember that there are two conjugations - I (first) and II (second).
What is conjugation in Russian language?
This is a change in the verbs by gender (OH, ОНА, ОНО), persons (1, 2 and 3) and numbers (singular and plural) in the present and future tenses.
This is a change in the verbs by gender (OH, ОНА, ОНО), persons (1, 2 and 3) and numbers (singular and plural) in the present and future tenses.
I conjugation
The I conjugation are verbs with infinitive on -АТЬ, -ЯТЬ, -ЕТЬ, -ОВАТЬ**, -ЕВАТЬ**, -НУТЬ, -ОТЬ, -ЫТЬ and some verbs on -ИТЬ (пить, жить, лить and others).
работать
работать
Я работа-Ю МЫ работа-ЕМ
ТЫ работа-ЕШЬ ВЫ работа-ЕТЕ
ОН / ОНА работа-ЕТ ОНИ работа-ЮТ
отдыхать
отдыхать
Я отдыха-Ю МЫ отдыха-ЕМ
ТЫ отдыха-ЕШЬ ВЫ отдыха-ЕТЕ
ОН / ОНА отдыха-ЕТ ОНИ отдыха-ЮТ
So, you need to memorize only a few endings for verbs I conjugation:
Я ...-ю (-у*) МЫ ...-ем
So, you need to memorize only a few endings for verbs I conjugation:
Я ...-ю (-у*) МЫ ...-ем
ТЫ ...-ешь ВЫ ...-ете
ОН/ОНА ...-ет ОНИ ...-ют (-ут*)
*after the vowel the ending will be -Ю... , and after the consonants -У... .
*after the vowel the ending will be -Ю... , and after the consonants -У... .
**verbs that have suffixes -ОВА- or -ЕВА- in the infinitive form change the suffix to -У- in the present tense.
II conjugation
II conjugation are verbs with an infinitive to -ИТЬ, some verbs to -ЕТЬ (видеть, лететь, ненавидеть, обидеть, сидеть, смотреть and others) and -АТЬ (бежать, ворчать, гнать, дышать, держать, кричать, лежать, молчать, спать, болеть and others).
говорить
говорить
Я говор-Ю МЫ говор-ИМ
ТЫ говор-ИШЬ ВЫ говор-ИТЕ
ОН / ОНА говор-ИТ ОНИ говор-ЯТ
любить***
любить***
Я любл-Ю МЫ люб-ИМ
ТЫ люб-ИШЬ ВЫ люб-ИТЕ
ОН / ОНА люб-ИТ ОНИ люб-ЯТ
And for verbs II conjugations, you need to remember the endings:
Я ...-ю (-у*) МЫ ...-им
ТЫ ...-ишь ВЫ ...-ите
ОН/ОНА ...-ит ОНИ ...-ят (-ат*)
*after the soft consonants the endings will be -Ю... and -Я, and after -ж, -ш, -ч, -щ -У... and -А.
And for verbs II conjugations, you need to remember the endings:
Я ...-ю (-у*) МЫ ...-им
ТЫ ...-ишь ВЫ ...-ите
ОН/ОНА ...-ит ОНИ ...-ят (-ат*)
*after the soft consonants the endings will be -Ю... and -Я, and after -ж, -ш, -ч, -щ -У... and -А.
***in some verbs
(for example, любить, готовить, купить) in the
form Я before the end appears the suffix -Л-.
By the way, the
transformations can happen in many Russian verbs.
Thus, if you know
the correct conjugation of the verb, then you can easily change the verb forms
correctly. :)
Many dictionaries write conjugations or forms (usually, these are forms for 'me, you, they', because it is immediately clear to which conjugation a verb refers to).
Many dictionaries write conjugations or forms (usually, these are forms for 'me, you, they', because it is immediately clear to which conjugation a verb refers to).
Conclusion: Verbs I and II
conjugations have the same endings for the form Я.
In the forms ТЫ, ОН/ОНА, МЫ, ВЫ - the I conjugation has letter -E in the
endings, the II conjugation has letter -И in the endings.
The form ОНИ are distinguished by the endings -ЮТ (-УТ) in
the I conjugation and -ЯТ (-АТ) in the II conjugation.
Exercises.
1. In the comments write the present tense of the verbs:
- гулять, - думать,
- завтракать, - играть,
- опаздывать, - встречать,
- делать, - мечтать,
- дарить, - спешить,
- звонить, - просить.
2. Try to identify the conjugation (I or II) by the forms of the verbs:
- любИТ, - рисуЕМ,
- обещаЕТЕ, - отгадываЮТ,
- пишЕТ, - рискуЕТЕ,
- спИШЬ, - ненавидЯТ,
- храпИШЬ, - готовИМ,
- смотрЯТ, - гуглИТЕ.
3. Test (Check yourself!).
And in the end, if you want to learn more Russian verbs with the correct forms, then listen to the podcast 'Russian Verbs'. Every Monday a new Russian verb appears on the podcast with all forms in the present, past and future tenses, as well as in the forms of the Imperative. In addition, if the verb has a specific pair (Imperfective and Perfective aspects), then all forms of the pair verb will also be.
On the podcast, not only forms, but also examples of the use of all forms in sentences.
And if it’s hard for you to just listen, then in the comments for each audio track there is a document for printing (in PDF) with all the materials on the new verb.
Picture from pexels.com.
👉
Russian
Я думаю, ты думаешь, он думает, вы думаете, мы думаем, они думают...David Breitner
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